Development of geothermal energy utilization in Turkey: A review

Hepbasli A., Ozgener L.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.8, no.5, pp.433-460, 2004 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Review
  • Volume: 8 Issue: 5
  • Publication Date: 2004
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.rser.2003.12.004
  • Journal Name: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.433-460
  • Keywords: geothermal energy, electricity generation, direct use, heat pumps, space heating, district heating, greenhouses, renewable energy, sustainable development, Turkey
  • Manisa Celal Bayar University Affiliated: No

Abstract

The development of geothermal energy (GE) utilization in Turkey with viewing its historical development and opportunities is discussed. GE is used for electric power generation and direct power utilization in Turkey, which is among the first five countries in the world in geothermal direct use applications. Direct use of geothermal resources has expanded from space heating of single buildings to district heating, greenhouse heating, industrial usage, and physical treatment facilities. It is expected that GE development will increase in the country if the geothermal law becomes effective.