Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, cilt.35, sa.6, ss.1458-1467, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter, Asteraceae, is a Mediterranean medicinal plant traditionally used for wound healing and inflammation. However, the bioaccessibility of its phenolic compounds and their cellular effects under gastrointestinal conditions remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the gastrointestinal stability, bioaccessibility, and regenerative effects of phenolic compounds in D. viscosa extracts using in vitro digestion and a cell-based scratch assay. Methanolic extracts of D. viscosa leaves were subjected to standardized in vitro digestion. Phenolic profiles before and after digestion were quantified by HPLC. The bioaccessibility of individual compounds was calculated. Wound-healing activity was assessed using scratch assays on PC-3 cell monolayers exposed to extract concentrations ranging from 1 to 500 μg/ml. Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant phenolic in the undigested extract but exhibited low bioaccessibility (1.86%) post-digestion. In contrast, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid demonstrated a remarkable increase (386.45%), likely due to enzymatic release from complex precursors. Cell assays revealed that low extract concentrations (1–90 μg/ml) significantly enhanced cell migration, while higher doses (≥ 100 μg/ml) inhibited migration and induced cytotoxicity. The observed biphasic effect was attributed to phenolics such as quercetin, luteolin, chlorogenic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, which exhibit both pro-regenerative and anti-proliferative activities in a dose-dependent manner. Dittrichia viscosa extracts exhibit significant wound-healing potential at low concentrations, mediated by bioactive phenolics with moderate gastrointestinal stability. However, phenolic degradation and dose-dependent cytotoxicity highlight the need for optimized delivery strategies. These findings support the development of D. viscosa-based formulations for topical wound care or nutraceutical applications, with further studies warranted in fibroblast models and in vivo systems.